Noise Improvements in Quantum Simulations of sQED using Qutrits

Understand

We present an argument for the advantages of using qudits over qubits for scalar Quantum Electrodynamics in $(1+1)$d.

• We measure the mass gap using an out of time correlator as a function of noise coming from an amplitude damping error channel and a generalized Pauli channel decoherence channel for both qubits and qutrits.
• For the same error in determination of the mass, the qutrit simulations can tolerate 10 to 100x larger gate noise than a qubit simulations.
• We find that 20 per-cent accuracy on the mass gap could be possible in the near future with a qutrits but is infeasible using qubits.