Tracing Text Provenance via Context-Aware Lexical Substitution

Understand

Text content created by humans or language models is often stolen or misused by adversaries.

• Tracing text provenance can help claim the ownership of text content or identify the malicious users who distribute misleading content like machine-generated fake news.
• There have been some attempts to achieve this, mainly based on watermarking techniques.
• Specifically, traditional text watermarking methods embed watermarks by slightly altering text format like line spacing and font, which, however, are fragile to cross-media transmissions like OCR.