Constraints on ultralight axions, vector gauge bosons, and unparticles from geodetic and frame-dragging measurements

Understand

The geodetic and frame-dragging effects are the direct consequences of the spacetime curvature near Earth which can be probed from the Gravity probe B (GP-B) satellite.

• The satellite result matches quite well with Einstein's general relativistic result.
• The gyroscope of the satellite which measures the spacetime curvature near Earth contains lots of electrons and nucleons.
• Ultralight axions, vector gauge bosons, and unparticles can interact with these electrons and nucleons through different spin-dependent and spin-independent operators and change the drift rate of the gyroscope.