Black hole to breakout: 3D GRMHD simulations of collapsar jets reveal a wide range of transients

Understand

We present a suite of the first 3D GRMHD collapsar simulations, which extend from the self-consistent jet launching by an accreting Kerr black hole (BH) to the breakout from the star.

• We identify three types of outflows, depending on the angular momentum, $ l $, of the collapsing material and the magnetic field, $ B $, on the BH horizon: (i) Subrelativistic outflow (low $ l $ and high $ B $), (ii) Stationary accretion shock instability (SASI; high $ l $ and low $ B $), (iii) Relativistic jets (high $ l $ and high $ B $).
• In the absence of jets, free-fall of the stellar envelope provides a good estimate for the BH accretion rate.
• Jets can substantially suppress the accretion rate, and their duration can be limited by the magnetization profile in the star.