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Hateful memes pose a unique challenge for current machine learning systems because their message is derived from both text- and visual-modalities.
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Marcos Zampieri, Shervin Malmasi, Preslav Nakov, Sara Rosenthal, Noura Farra, and Ritesh Kumar. 2019 · 1902
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Julia Kruk, Jonah Lubin, Karan Sikka, X. Lin, Dan Jurafsky, and Ajay Divakaran. 2019 · 1904
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Detecting hate speech in multi-modal memes
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Hate speech detection: Challenges and solutions
Sean MacAvaney, Hao-Ren Yao, Eugene Yang, Katina Russell, Nazli Goharian, and Ophir Frieder. 2019 · 2019
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Multimodal meme dataset (multioff) for identifying offensive content in image and text
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