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Social media platforms provide users the freedom of expression and a medium to exchange information and express diverse opinions.
The equivalence of weighted kappa and the intraclass correlation coefficient as measures of reliability
Joseph L. Fleiss and Jacob Cohen · 1973
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Hate speech
T. Nockleby, J · 2000
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Birds of a feather: Homophily in social networks
Miller Mcpherson, Lynn Smith-Lovin, and James Cook · 2001
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Survey article: Inter-coder agreement for computational linguistics
Ron Artstein and Massimo Poesio · 2008
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Distributed usability evaluation of the pennsylvania cancer atlas
Tanuka Bhowmick, Anthony Robinson, Adrienne Gruver, Alan MacEachren, and Eugene Lengerich · 2008
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Detecting controversial events from twitter
Ana-Maria Popescu and Marco Pennacchiotti · 2010
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The impact of social media on children, adolescents, and families
G. S. O’Keeffe and K. Clarke-Pearson · 2011
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Cultural factors in the regression of non-verbal communication perception
Tim Sheerman-Chase, Eng-Jon Ong, and Richard Bowden · 2011
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Detecting hate speech on the world wide web
William Warner and Julia Hirschberg · 2012
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The problem with kappa
David Powers · 2012
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Developing corpora for sentiment analysis: The case of irony and senti-tut
C. Bosco, V. Patti, and A. Bolioli · 2013
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Learning whom to trust with MACE
Dirk Hovy, Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick, Ashish Vaswani, and Eduard Hovy · 2013
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Measuring crowd truth: Disagreement metrics combined with worker behavior filters
Guillermo Soberón, Lora Aroyo, Chris Welty, Oana Inel, Hui Lin, and Manfred Overmeen · 2013
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Hateful symbols or hateful people? predictive features for hate speech detection on twitter
Zeerak Waseem and Dirk Hovy · 2013
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Report of the special rapporteur on minority issues, rita izsak : comprehensive study of the human rights situation of roma worldwide, with a particular focus on the phenomenon of anti-gypsyism
Rita Izsak-Ndiaye · 2015
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The year that angry won the internet
Mike Wendling · 2015
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Abusive language detection in online user content
Chikashi Nobata, Joel Tetreault, Achint Thomas, Yashar Mehdad, and Yi Chang · 2016
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Are you a racist or am i seeing things? annotator influence on hate speech detection on twitter
Zeerak Waseem · 2016
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Measuring the Reliability of Hate Speech Annotations: The Case of the European Refugee Crisis
Björn Ross, Michael Rist, Guillermo Carbonell, Ben Cabrera, Nils Kurowsky, and Michael Wojatzki · 2016
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Counterspeech on twitter: A field study
S. Benesch, D. Ruths, K. P. Dillon, H. M. Saleem, and L. Wright · 2016
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From brussels to brexit: Islamophobia, xenophobia, racism and reports of hateful incidents on twitter
C Miller, F Arcostanzo, J Smith, A Krasodomski-Jones, S Wiedlitzka, R Jamali, and J Dale · 2016
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Online harassment 2017
M. Duggan · 2017
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Il ruolo dei social network nella lotta all’hate speech: un’analisi comparata fra l’esperienza statunitense e quella europea
Fulvia Abbondante · 2017
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Improving language understanding by generative pre-training, 2018
Alec adford, Karthik Narasimhan, Tim Salimans, and Ilya Sutskever · 2018
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Universal language model fine-tuning for text classification
Jeremy Howard and Sebastian Ruder · 2018
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An italian twitter corpus of hate speech against immigrants
Manuela Sanguinetti, Fabio Poletto, Cristina Bosco, Viviana Patti, and Marco Stranisci · 2018
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Vulnerable community identification using hate speech detection on social media
Zewdie Mossie and Jenq-Haur Wang · 2019
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A Just and Comprehensive Strategy for Using NLP to Address Online Abuse
David Jurgens, Eshwar Chandrasekharan, and Libby Hemphill · 2019
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The risk of racial bias in hate speech detection
Maarten Sap, Dallas Card, Saadia Gabriel, Yejin Choi, and Noah A. Smith · 2019
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Hate speech annotation: Analysis of an italian twitter corpus
Fabio Poletto, Marco Stranisci, Manuela Sanguinetti, Viviana Patti, and Cristina Bosco · 2017
Cited alongside, same era.
A survey on hate speech detection using natural language processing
Anna Schmidt and Michael Wiegand · 2017
Cited alongside, same era.
Let’s agree to disagree: Fixing agreement measures for crowdsourcing
Alessandro Checco, Kevin Roitero, Eddy Maddalena, Stefano Mizzaro, and Gianluca Demartini · 2017
Cited alongside, same era.
Detecting controversies in online news media
Kaspar Beelen, Evangelos Kanoulas, and Bob van de Velde · 2017
Cited alongside, same era.
Predicting controversial news using facebook reactions
Angelo Basile, Tommaso Caselli, and Malvina Nissim · 2017
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Hate speech detection: A solved problem? the challenging case of long tail on twitter
Ziqi Zhang and Lei Luo · 2018
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Sentiment polarity classification at evalita: Lessons learned and open challenges
Valerio Basile, Nicole Novielli, Danilo Croce, Francesco Barbieri, Malvina Nissim, and Viviana Patti · 2018
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Annotating hate speech: Three schemes at comparison
Fabio Poletto, Valerio Basile, Cristina Bosco, Viviana Patti, and Marco Stranisci · 2019
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A new measure of polarization in the annotation of hate speech
Sohail Akhtar, Valerio Basile, and Viviana Patti · 2019
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Detection of Abusive Language: the Problem of Biased Datasets
Michael Wiegand, Josef Ruppenhofer, and Thomas Kleinbauer · 2019
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Semeval-2019 task 5: Multilingual detection of hate speech against immigrants and women in twitter
Valerio Basile, Cristina Bosco, Elisabetta Fersini, Debora Nozza, Viviana Patti, Francisco Rangel, Paolo Rosso, and Manuela Sanguinetti · 2019
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Stance polarity in political debates: A diachronic perspective of network homophily and conversations on twitter
Mirko Lai, Marcella Tambuscio, Viviana Patti, Giancarlo Ruffo, and Paolo Rosso · 2019
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Improving bert-based text classification with auxiliary sentence and domain knowledge
Shanshan Yu, Su Jindian, and Da Luo · 2019
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Fine-grained sentiment classification using bert
M. Munikar, S. Shakya, and A. Shrestha · 2019
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Alberto: Italian bert language understanding model for nlp challenging tasks based on tweets
Marco Polignano, Pierpaolo Basile, Marco de Gemmis, Giovanni Semeraro, and Valerio Basile · 2019
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Modeling annotator perspective and polarized opinions to improve hate speech detection
Sohail Akhtar, Valerio Basile, and Viviana Patti · 2020
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It’s the end of the gold standard as we know it. on the impact of pre-aggregation on the evaluation of highly subjective tasks
Valerio Basile · 2020
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Resources and benchmark corpora for hate speech detection: a systematic review
Fabio Poletto, Valerio Basile, Manuela Sanguinetti, Cristina Bosco, and Viviana Patti · 2021
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The cultural politics of racism in the brexit conjuncture
Nikolay Mintchev · 2021
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