The shadows and observational appearance of a noncommutative black hole surrounded by various profiles of accretions

Understand

The accretion around the black hole plays a pivotal role in the theoretical analysis of black hole shadow, and of the black hole observation in particular.

• In this paper, we mainly study the shadow and observation characteristics of noncommutative Schwarzschild black holes wrapped by three accretion models, and then explore the influence of noncommutative parameters on the observation appearance and spacetime geometry of black holes.
• When the black hole is surrounded by an optically and geometrically thin accretion disk, it shows that the direct emissions always dominate the total observed intensity, while the lensing ring superimposed upon the direct emission produces a thin ring, which improves the observation intensity of the black hole image.
• However, the photon rings makes a negligible contributions to the total observed brightness due to its exponential narrowness, although the photon ring intersects the thin plane more than three times to pick up larger intensity.