Correcting event-by-event fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions for exact global conservation laws with the generalized subensemble acceptance method

Understand

We introduce the subensemble acceptance method 2.0 (SAM-2.0) -- a procedure to correct cumulants of a random number distribution inside a subsystem for the effect of exact global conservation of a conserved quantity to which this number is correlated, with applications to measurements of event-by-event fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions.

• The method expresses the corrected cumulants in terms of the cumulants inside and outside the subsystem that are not subject to the exact conservation.
• The derivation assumes that all probability distributions associated with the cumulants are peaked at the mean values but are otherwise of arbitrary shape.
• The formalism reduces to the original SAM [V.