Spin-thermal shear coupling in a relativistic fluid

Understand

We show that spin polarization of a fermion in a relativistic fluid at local thermodynamic equilibrium can be generated by the symmetric derivative of the four-temperature vector, defined as thermal shear.

• As a consequence, besides vorticity, acceleration and temperature gradient, also the shear tensor contributes to the polarization of particles in a fluid.
• This contribution to the spin polarization vector, which is entirely non-dissipative, adds to the well known term proportional to thermal vorticity and may thus have important consequences for the solution of the local polarization puzzles observed in relativistic heavy ion collisions.