Determination of responses of liquid xenon to low energy electron and nuclear recoils using the PandaX-II detector

Understand

We report a systematic determination of the responses of PandaX-II, a dual phase xenon time projection chamber detector, to low energy recoils.

• The electron recoil (ER) and nuclear recoil (NR) responses are calibrated, respectively, with injected tritiated methane or $^{220}$Rn source, and with $^{241}$Am-Be neutron source, within an energy range from $1-25$ keV (ER) and $4-80$ keV (NR), under the two drift fields of 400 and 317 V/cm.
• An empirical model is used to fit the light yield and charge yield for both types of recoils.
• The best fit models can well describe the calibration data.