Vorticity and Polarization in Heavy Ion Collisions: Hydrodynamic Models

Understand

Fluid dynamic approach is a workhorse for modelling collective dynamics in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

• The approach has been successful in describing various features of the momentum distributions of hadrons produced in the heavy-ion collisions, such as $p_T$ spectra, flow coefficients $v_n$ etc.
• As such, the description of the phenomenon of polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperons in heavy-ion collisions has to be incorporated into the hydrodynamic approach.
• We start this chapter by introducing different definitions of vorticity in relativistic fluid dynamics.