The Broad-band Counterpart of the Short GRB 200522A at $z=0.5536$: A Luminous Kilonova or a Collimated Outflow with a Reverse Shock?

Understand

We present the discovery of the radio afterglow and near-infrared (NIR) counterpart of the Swift short GRB 200522A, located at a small projected offset of $\approx 1$ kpc from the center of a young, star-forming host galaxy at $z=0.5536$.

• The radio and X-ray luminosities of the afterglow are consistent with those of on-axis cosmological short GRBs.
• The NIR counterpart, revealed by our HST observations at a rest-frame time of $\approx2.3$ days, has a luminosity of $\approx (1.3-1.7) \times 10^{42}$ erg s$^{-1}$.
• This is substantially lower than on-axis short GRB afterglow detections, but is a factor of $\approx 8$-$17$ more luminous than the kilonova of GW170817, and significantly more luminous than any kilonova candidate for which comparable observations exist.