Multivariate Counterfactual Systems And Causal Graphical Models

Understand

Among Judea Pearl's many contributions to Causality and Statistics, the graphical d-separation} criterion, the do-calculus and the mediation formula stand out.

• In this chapter we show that d-separation} provides direct insight into an earlier causal model originally described in terms of potential outcomes and event trees.
• In turn, the resulting synthesis leads to a simplification of the do-calculus that clarifies and separates the underlying concepts, and a simple counterfactual formulation of a complete identification algorithm in causal models with hidden variables.