Fetching the paper…
Reading the bibliography…
With the starting point that implicit human biases are reflected in the statistical regularities of language, it is possible to measure biases in English static word embeddings.
Gonen, H.; and Goldberg, Y. 2019 · 1903
Earlier work this paper cites.
On measuring social biases in sentence encoders
May, C.; Wang, A.; Bordia, S.; Bowman, S. R.; and Rudinger, R. 2019 · 1903
Earlier work this paper cites.
Gender bias in contextualized word embeddings
Zhao, J.; Wang, T.; Yatskar, M.; Cotterell, R.; Ordonez, V.; and Chang, K.-W. 2019 · 1904
Earlier work this paper cites.
Tenney, I.; Xia, P.; Chen, B.; Wang, A.; Poliak, A.; McCoy, R. T.; Kim, N.; Van Durme, B.; Bowman, S. R.; Das, D.; et al. 2019 · 1905
Earlier work this paper cites.
Energy and policy considerations for deep learning in NLP
Strubell, E.; Ganesh, A.; and McCallum, A. 2019 · 1906
Earlier work this paper cites.
Ethayarajh, K. 2019 · 1909
Earlier work this paper cites.
Distributional structure
Harris, Z. S. 1954 · 1954
Earlier work this paper cites.
A synopsis of linguistic theory, 1930-1955
Firth, J. R. 1957 · 1955
Earlier work this paper cites.
Semantic differential technique in the comparative study of cultures
Osgood, C. E. 1964 · 1964
Earlier work this paper cites.
CIA psychological warfare operations
Landis, F.; Lewontin, R.; Desnoyers, L.; Mergler, D.; and Weston, A. 1982 · 1982
Earlier work this paper cites.
A random effects model for effect sizes
Hedges, L. V. 1983 · 1983
Earlier work this paper cites.
Meta-analysis in clinical trials
DerSimonian, R.; and Laird, N. 1986 · 1986
Earlier work this paper cites.
The meaning of difference: Gender theory, postmodernism, and psychology
Hare-Mustin, R. T.; and Marecek, J. 1988 · 1988
Earlier work this paper cites.
Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics
Crenshaw, K. 1989 · 1989
Earlier work this paper cites.
The psychology of women and conservatism: Rediscovering social change
Kahn, A. S.; and Yoder, J. D. 1989 · 1989
Earlier work this paper cites.
Implicit social cognition: attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes
Greenwald, A. G.; and Banaji, M. R. 1995 · 1995
Earlier work this paper cites.
Psychology of Black women: Past, present, and future.
Thomas, V. G.; and Miles, S. E. 1995 · 1995
Earlier work this paper cites.
Predicting the semantic orientation of adjectives
Hatzivassiloglou, V.; and McKeown, K. 1997 · 1997
Earlier work this paper cites.
Long short-term memory
Hochreiter, S.; and Schmidhuber, J. 1997 · 1997
Earlier work this paper cites.
Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: the implicit association test
Greenwald, A. G.; McGhee, D. E.; and Schwartz, J. L. 1998 · 1998
Earlier work this paper cites.
Fixed-and random-effects models in meta-analysis
Hedges, L. V.; and Vevea, J. L. 1998 · 1998
Earlier work this paper cites.
On the comparability of pre-trained language models
Aßenmacher, M.; and Heumann, C. 2020 · 2001
Earlier work this paper cites.
Harvesting implicit group attitudes and beliefs from a demonstration web site
Nosek, B. A.; Banaji, M. R.; and Greenwald, A. G. 2002 · 2002
Earlier work this paper cites.
Metaanalysis
Rosenthal, R.; and DiMatteo, M. R. 2002 · 2002
Earlier work this paper cites.
Understanding and using the implicit association test: I. An improved scoring algorithm
Greenwald, A. G.; Nosek, B. A.; and Banaji, M. R. 2003 · 2003
Cited alongside, same era.
Learning extraction patterns for subjective expressions
Riloff, E.; and Wiebe, J. 2003 · 2003
Cited alongside, same era.
Measuring praise and criticism: Inference of semantic orientation from association
Turney, P. D.; and Littman, M. L. 2003 · 2003
Cited alongside, same era.
StereoSet: Measuring stereotypical bias in pretrained language models
Nadeem, M.; Bethke, A.; and Reddy, S. 2020 · 2004
Cited alongside, same era.
Pro-Russian Biases in Anti-Chinese Tweets about the Novel Coronavirus
Toney, A.; Pandey, A.; Guo, W.; Broniatowski, D.; and Caliskan, A. 2020 · 2004
Cited alongside, same era.
AI now 2017 report
Campolo, A.; Sanfilippo, M.; Whittaker, M.; and Crawford, K. 2017 · 2017
Later among the works it cites.
Attention is all you need
Vaswani, A.; Shazeer, N.; Parmar, N.; Uszkoreit, J.; Jones, L.; Gomez, A. N.; Kaiser, Ł.; and Polosukhin, I. 2017 · 2017
Later among the works it cites.
Morphosyntactic tagging with a meta-bilstm model over context sensitive token encodings
Bohnet, B.; McDonald, R.; Simoes, G.; Andor, D.; Pitler, E.; and Maynez, J. 2018 · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Gender shades: Intersectional accuracy disparities in commercial gender classification
Buolamwini, J.; and Gebru, T. 2018 · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding
Devlin, J.; Chang, M.-W.; Lee, K.; and Toutanova, K. 2018 · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
alphaXiv searches the wider corpus for related work and actual follow-ups.
alphaXiv is searching for related work…
Blodgett, S. L.; Barocas, S.; Daumé III, H.; and Wallach, H. 2020 · 2005
Cited alongside, same era.
Language Models are Few-Shot Learners
Brown, T. B.; Mann, B.; Ryder, N.; Subbiah, M.; Kaplan, J.; Dhariwal, P.; Neelakantan, A.; Shyam, P.; Sastry, G.; Askell, A.; et al. 2020 · 2005
Cited alongside, same era.
Comparing effect sizes in follow-up studies: ROC Area, Cohen’s d, and r
Rice, M. E.; and Harris, G. T. 2005 · 2005
Cited alongside, same era.
Toney, A.; and Caliskan, A. 2020 · 2006
Cited alongside, same era.
Random-effects model for meta-analysis of clinical trials: an update
DerSimonian, R.; and Kacker, R. 2007 · 2007
Cited alongside, same era.
When multiplication doesn’t equal quick addition: Examining intersectionality as a research paradigm
Hancock, A.-M. 2007 · 2007
Cited alongside, same era.
More than men: Latino feminist masculinities and intersectionality
Hurtado, A.; and Sinha, M. 2008 · 2008
Cited alongside, same era.
Edunov, S.; Ott, M.; Auli, M.; and Grangier, D. 2018 · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Word embeddings quantify 100 years of gender and ethnic stereotypes
Garg, N.; Schiebinger, L.; Jurafsky, D.; and Zou, J. 2018 · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Deep contextualized word representations
Peters, M. E.; Neumann, M.; Iyyer, M.; Gardner, M.; Clark, C.; Lee, K.; and Zettlemoyer, L. 2018 · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Improving language understanding by generative pre-training
Radford, A.; Narasimhan, K.; Salimans, T.; and Sutskever, I. 2018 · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
RtGender: A corpus for studying differential responses to gender
Voigt, R.; Jurgens, D.; Prabhakaran, V.; Jurafsky, D.; and Tsvetkov, Y. 2018 · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Learning gender-neutral word embeddings
Zhao, J.; Zhou, Y.; Li, Z.; Wang, W.; and Chang, K.-W. 2018 · 2018
Later among the works it cites.
Bias in bios: A case study of semantic representation bias in a high-stakes setting
De-Arteaga, M.; Romanov, A.; Wallach, H.; Chayes, J.; Borgs, C.; Chouldechova, A.; Geyik, S.; Kenthapadi, K.; and Kalai, A. T. 2019 · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations
Ethayarajh, K.; Duvenaud, D.; and Hirst, G. 2019 · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Gender Differences in Article Citations by Authors from American Institutions in Major Radiology Journals
Huang, M.; Naser-Tavakolian, K.; Clifton, M.; Franceschi, A. M.; Kim, D.; Zhang, J. Z.; and Schweitzer, M. 2019 · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Quantifying Social Biases in Contextual Word Representations
Kurita, K.; Vyas, N.; Pareek, A.; Black, A. W.; and Tsvetkov, Y. 2019 · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Language models are unsupervised multitask learners
Radford, A.; Wu, J.; Child, R.; Luan, D.; Amodei, D.; and Sutskever, I. 2019 · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Challenges for mitigating bias in algorithmic hiring. 2019
Raghavan, M.; and Barocas, S. ???? · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
What are the biases in my word embedding?
Swinger, N.; De-Arteaga, M.; Heffernan IV, N. T.; Leiserson, M. D.; and Kalai, A. T. 2019 · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Assessing social and intersectional biases in contextualized word representations
Tan, Y. C.; and Celis, L. E. 2019 · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
Xlnet: Generalized autoregressive pretraining for language understanding
Yang, Z.; Dai, Z.; Yang, Y.; Carbonell, J.; Salakhutdinov, R. R.; and Le, Q. V. 2019 · 2019
Later among the works it cites.
GPT-3: Its nature, scope, limits, and consequences
Floridi, L.; and Chiriatti, M. 2020 · 2020
Closest in time.
Social Biases in NLP Models as Barriers for Persons with Disabilities
Hutchinson, B.; Prabhakaran, V.; Denton, E.; Webster, K.; Zhong, Y.; and Denuyl, S. 2020 · 2020
Closest in time.
On the dangers of stochastic parrots: Can language models be too big
Bender, E. M.; Gebru, T.; McMillan-Major, A.; and Shmitchell, S. 2021 · 2021
Closest in time.