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Measuring what linguistic information is encoded in neural models of language has become popular in NLP.
Visualizing and measuring the geometry of BERT
Andy Coenen, Emily Reif, Ann Yuan, Been Kim, Adam Pearce, Fernanda Viégas, and Martin Wattenberg. 2019 · 1906
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HuggingFace’s Transformers: State-of-the-art natural language processing
Thomas Wolf, Lysandre Debut, Victor Sanh, Julien Chaumond, Clement Delangue, Anthony Moi, Pierric Cistac, Tim Rault, Rémi Louf, Morgan Funtowicz, and Jamie Brew. 2019 · 1910
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Shortest connection networks and some generalizations
R. C. Prim. 1957 · 1957
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Dropout: A simple way to prevent neural networks from overfitting
Nitish Srivastava, Geoffrey Hinton, Alex Krizhevsky, Ilya Sutskever, and Ruslan Salakhutdinov. 2014 · 1958
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Algorithm 97: Shortest path
Robert W. Floyd. 1962 · 1962
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A theorem on boolean matrices
Stephen Warshall. 1962 · 1962
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Building a large annotated corpus of English: The Penn Treebank
Mitchell P. Marcus, Beatrice Santorini, and Mary Ann Marcinkiewicz. 1993 · 1993
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Non-projective dependency parsing using spanning tree algorithms
Ryan McDonald, Fernando Pereira, Kiril Ribarov, and Jan Hajič. 2005 · 2005
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Adam: A method for stochastic optimization
Diederik P. Kingma and Jimmy Ba. 2015 · 2015
Cited alongside, same era.
Universal dependencies v1: A multilingual treebank collection
Joakim Nivre, Marie-Catherine de Marneffe, Filip Ginter, Yoav Goldberg, Jan Hajič, Christopher D. Manning, Ryan McDonald, Slav Petrov, Sampo Pyysalo, Natalia Silveira, Reut Tsarfaty, and Daniel Zeman. 2016 · 2016
Cited alongside, same era.
Google’s neural machine translation system: Bridging the gap between human and machine translation
Yonghui Wu, Mike Schuster, Zhifeng Chen, Quoc V. Le, Mohammad Norouzi, Wolfgang Macherey, Maxim Krikun, Yuan Cao, Qin Gao, Klaus Macherey, Jeff Klingner, Apurva Shah, Melvin Johnson, Xiaobing Liu, Łukasz Kaiser, Stephan Gouws, Yoshikiyo Kato, Taku Kudo, Hideto Kazawa, Keith Stevens, George Kurian, Nishant Patil, Wei Wang, Cliff Young, Jason Smith, Jason Riesa, Alex Rudnick, Oriol Vinyals, Greg Corrado, Macduff Hughes, and Jeffrey Dean. 2016 · 2016
Cited alongside, same era.
Understanding intermediate layers using linear classifier probes
Guillaume Alain and Yoshua Bengio. 2017 · 2017
Cited alongside, same era.
Collecting diverse natural language inference problems for sentence representation evaluation
Adam Poliak, Aparajita Haldar, Rachel Rudinger, J. Edward Hu, Ellie Pavlick, Aaron Steven White, and Benjamin Van Durme. 2018 · 2018
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BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding
Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. 2019 · 2019
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Designing and interpreting probes with control tasks
John Hewitt and Percy Liang. 2019 · 2019
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A structural probe for finding syntax in word representations
John Hewitt and Christopher D. Manning. 2019 · 2019
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Linguistic knowledge and transferability of contextual representations
Nelson F. Liu, Matt Gardner, Yonatan Belinkov, Matthew E. Peters, and Noah A. Smith. 2019 · 2019
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What you can cram into a single $&!#* vector: Probing sentence embeddings for linguistic properties
Alexis Conneau, German Kruszewski, Guillaume Lample, Loïc Barrault, and Marco Baroni. 2018 · 2018
Cited alongside, same era.
Visualisation and ‘diagnostic classifiers’ reveal how recurrent and recursive neural networks process hierarchical structure
Dieuwke Hupkes, Sara Veldhoen, and Willem Zuidema. 2018 · 2018
Cited alongside, same era.
Targeted syntactic evaluation of language models
Rebecca Marvin and Tal Linzen. 2018 · 2018
Cited alongside, same era.
Deep contextualized word representations
Matthew Peters, Mark Neumann, Mohit Iyyer, Matt Gardner, Christopher Clark, Kenton Lee, and Luke Zettlemoyer. 2018 · 2018
Cited alongside, same era.
Timothy Niven and Hung-Yu Kao. 2019 · 2019
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Information-theoretic probing for linguistic structure
Tiago Pimentel, Josef Valvoda, Rowan Hall Maudslay, Ran Zmigrod, Adina Williams, and Ryan Cotterell. 2020 · 2020
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