Vortices in the supersolid phase of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates

Understand

Vortices are expected to exist in a supersolid but experimentally their detection can be difficult because the vortex cores are localized at positions where the local density is very low.

• We address here this problem by performing numerical simulations of a dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) in a pancake confinement at $T=0$ K and study the effect of quantized vorticity on the phases that can be realized depending upon the ratio between dipolar and short-range interaction.
• By increasing this ratio the system undergoes a spontaneous density modulation in the form of an ordered arrangement of multi-atom "droplets".
• This modulated phase can be either a "supersolid" (SS) or a "normal solid" (NS).