Built on

G. Grignani, T. Harmark, and M. Orselli, “Force-free electrodynamics near rotation axis of a Kerr black hole,” arXiv e-prints
Original
1908
Earlier work this paper cites.
F. C. Michel, “Rotating Magnetospheres: an Exact 3-D Solution,” ApJ 180
1973
Earlier work this paper cites.
R. D. Blandford and R. L. Znajek, “Electromagnetic extraction of energy from Kerr black holes,” MNRAS 179
1977
Earlier work this paper cites.
R. L. Znajek, “Black hole electrodynamics and the Carter tetrad,” MNRAS 179
1977
Earlier work this paper cites.
D. MacDonald and K. S. Thorne, “Black-hole electrodynamics - an absolute-space/universal-time formulation,” MNRAS 198
1982
Earlier work this paper cites.
I. Contopoulos, D. Kazanas, and C. Fendt, “The Axisymmetric Pulsar Magnetosphere,” ApJ 511
1999
Earlier work this paper cites.
S. S. Komissarov, “Direct numerical simulations of the Blandford-Znajek effect,” MNRAS 326
2001
Earlier work this paper cites.
S. S. Komissarov, “Electrodynamics of black hole magnetospheres,” MNRAS 350
2004
Earlier work this paper cites.

Similar

K. Tanabe and S. Nagataki, “Extended monopole solution of the Blandford-Znajek mechanism: Higher order terms for a Kerr parameter,” Phys. Rev. D 78
Original
2008
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A. Tchekhovskoy, J. C. McKinney, and R. Narayan, “Simulations of ultrarelativistic magnetodynamic jets from gamma-ray burst engines,” MNRAS 388
Original
2008
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S. E. Gralla and R. M. Wald, “A rigorous derivation of gravitational self-force,” Classical and Quantum Gravity
Original
2008
Cited alongside, same era.
A. Tchekhovskoy, R. Narayan, and J. C. McKinney, “Black Hole Spin and The Radio Loud/Quiet Dichotomy of Active Galactic Nuclei,” ApJ 711
Original
2010
Cited alongside, same era.
M. Lyutikov and J. C. McKinney, “Slowly balding black holes,” Phys. Rev. D 84

Then

Z. Pan and C. Yu, “Analytic Properties of Force-free Jets in the Kerr Spacetime - I,” ApJ 812
Original
2015
Later among the works it cites.
R. F. Penna, “Energy extraction from boosted black holes: Penrose process, jets, and the membrane at infinity,” Phys. Rev. D 91
Original
2015
Later among the works it cites.
R. F. Penna, “Black hole jet power from impedance matching,” Phys. Rev. D 92
Original
2015
Later among the works it cites.
S. E. Gralla, A. Lupsasca, and A. Philippov, “Pulsar Magnetospheres: Beyond the Flat Spacetime Dipole,” ApJ 833
Original
2016
Later among the works it cites.
S. E. Gralla, A. Lupsasca, and M. J. Rodriguez, “Electromagnetic jets from stars and black holes,” Phys. Rev. D 93

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2020

Consistent Blandford-Znajek Expansion

Armas, Jay, Cai, Yangyang, Compére, Geoffrey et al.

Understand

The Blandford-Znajek mechanism is the continuous extraction of energy from a rotating black hole via plasma currents flowing on magnetic field lines threading the horizon.

In the discovery paper, Blandford and Znajek demonstrated the mechanism by solving the equations of force-free electrodynamics in a perturbative expansion valid at small black hole spin.
Attempts to extend this perturbation analysis to higher order have encountered inconsistencies.We overcome this problem using the method of matched asymptotic expansions, taking care to resolve all of the singular surfaces (light surfaces) in the problem.
Working with the monopole field configuration, we show explicitly how the inconsistencies are resolved in this framework and calculate the field configuration to one order higher than previously known.

Built on

G. Grignani, T. Harmark, and M. Orselli, “Force-free electrodynamics near rotation axis of a Kerr black hole,” arXiv e-prints
Original
1908
Earlier work this paper cites.
F. C. Michel, “Rotating Magnetospheres: an Exact 3-D Solution,” ApJ 180
1973
Earlier work this paper cites.
R. D. Blandford and R. L. Znajek, “Electromagnetic extraction of energy from Kerr black holes,” MNRAS 179
1977
Earlier work this paper cites.
R. L. Znajek, “Black hole electrodynamics and the Carter tetrad,” MNRAS 179
1977
Earlier work this paper cites.
D. MacDonald and K. S. Thorne, “Black-hole electrodynamics - an absolute-space/universal-time formulation,” MNRAS 198
1982
Earlier work this paper cites.
I. Contopoulos, D. Kazanas, and C. Fendt, “The Axisymmetric Pulsar Magnetosphere,” ApJ 511
1999
Earlier work this paper cites.
S. S. Komissarov, “Direct numerical simulations of the Blandford-Znajek effect,” MNRAS 326
2001
Earlier work this paper cites.
S. S. Komissarov, “Electrodynamics of black hole magnetospheres,” MNRAS 350
2004
Earlier work this paper cites.