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For static black holes in Einstein gravity, if matter fields satisfy a few general conditions, we conjecture that three characteristic parameters about the spatial size of black holes, namely the outermost photon sphere area $A_{\mathrm{ph,out}}$, the corresponding shadow area $A_{\mathrm{sh,out}}$ and the horizon area $A_{\mathcal{H}}$ satisfy a series of universal inequalities $9A_{\mathcal{H}}/4\leq A_{\mathrm{ph,out}}\leq A_{\mathrm{sh,out}}/3\leq 36\pi M^2$, where $M$ is the ADM mass.
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