The $g-2$ of charged leptons, $\alpha(M_Z^2)$ and the hyperfine splitting of muonium

Understand

Following updates in the compilation of $e^+e^-\rightarrow{\rm hadrons}$ data, this work presents re-evaluations of the hadronic vacuum polarisation contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron ($a_e$), muon ($a_\mu$) and tau lepton ($a_\tau$), to the ground-state hyperfine splitting of muonium and also updates the hadronic contributions to the running of the QED coupling at the mass scale of the $Z$ boson, $\alpha(M_Z^2)$.

• Combining the results for the hadronic vacuum polarisation contributions with recent updates for the hadronic light-by-light corrections, the electromagnetic and the weak contributions, the deviation between the measured value of $a_\mu$ and its Standard Model prediction amounts to $\Delta a_{\mu} = (28.02 \pm 7.37) \times 10^{-10}$, corresponding to a muon $g-2$ discrepancy of $3.8\sigma$.