Calibration LEDs in the IceCube Upgrade D-Egg Modules

Understand

The IceCube Upgrade, planned for deployment in the 2022/2023 South Pole Summer, will involve deployment of a greater density of optical modules (vertically spaced ~3 m).

• Improvements in the calibration of optical sensors and an enhanced understanding of the optical properties of the deep glacial ice, due to the more closely-spaced modules, are projected to have a large impact on neutrino reconstruction.
• A new optical sensor module called the "Dual optical sensors in an Ellipsoid glass for Gen2" (D-Egg), is planned for installation in both the IceCube Upgrade and IceCube-Gen2, and has both an upward and downward facing 8" high quantum efficiency PMT.
• The D-Egg modules will make use of a downward-facing LED calibration system to measure the optical properties of the refrozen drill holes ("hole ice").