Observation of bulk boundary correspondence breakdown in topolectrical circuits

Understand

The study of the laws of nature has traditionally been pursued in the limit of isolated systems, where energy is conserved.

• This is not always a valid approximation, however, as the inclusion of features like gain and loss, or periodic driving, qualitatively amends these laws.
• A contemporary frontier of meta-material research is the challenge open systems pose to the established characterization of topological matter.
• There, one of the most relied upon principles is the bulk-boundary correspondence (BBC), which intimately relates the properties of the surface states to the topological classification of the bulk.