Chemical freeze-out conditions and fluctuations of conserved charges in heavy-ion collisions within quantum van der Waals model

Understand

The chemical freeze-out parameters in central nucleus-nucleus collisions are extracted consistently from hadron yield data within the quantum van der Waals (QvdW) hadron resonance gas model.

• The beam energy dependences for skewness and kurtosis of net baryon, net electric, and net strangeness charges are predicted.
• The QvdW interactions in asymmetric matter, $Q/B \neq 0.5$, between (anti)baryons yield a non-congruent liquid-gas phase transition, together with a nuclear critical point (CP) with critical temperature of $T_c=19.5$ MeV.
• The nuclear CP yields the collision energy dependence of the skewness and the kurtosis to both deviate significantly from the ideal hadron resonance gas baseline predictions even far away, in $(T,\mu_B)$-plane, from the CP.