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In time-to-event settings, the presence of competing events complicates the definition of causal effects.
The analysis of failure times in the presence of competing risks
Ross L Prentice, John D Kalbfleisch, Arthur V Peterson Jr, Nancy Flournoy, Vern T Farewell, and Norman E Breslow · 1978
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The choice of treatment for cancer patients based on covariate information
DP Byar and SB Green · 1980
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A new approach to causal inference in mortality studies with a sustained exposure period—application to control of the healthy worker survivor effect
James M Robins · 1986
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Treatment effects in competing-risks analysis of prostate cancer data
Richard Kay · 1986
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Identifiability and exchangeability for direct and indirect effects
James M Robins and Sander Greenland · 1992
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Multivariable prognostic models: issues in developing models, evaluating assumptions and adequacy, and measuring and reducing errors
Frank E Harrell, Kerry L Lee, and Daniel B Mark · 1996
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Analysing competing risks data with transformation models
JP Fine · 1999
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Principal stratification in causal inference
Constantine E Frangakis and Donald B Rubin · 2002
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The hazards of hazard ratios
Miguel A Hernán · 2010
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Alternative graphical causal models and the identification of direct effects
James M Robins and Thomas S Richardson · 2010
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Evaluating health outcomes in the presence of competing risks: a review of statistical methods and clinical applications
Ravi Varadhan, Carlos O Weiss, Jodi B Segal, Albert W Wu, Daniel Scharfstein, and Cynthia Boyd · 2010
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Comparative effectiveness of dynamic treatment regimes: an application of the parametric g-formula
Jessica G Young, Lauren E Cain, James M Robins, Eilis J O’Reilly, and Miguel A Hernán · 2011
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Competing risks in epidemiology: possibilities and pitfalls
Single world intervention graphs (swigs): A unification of the counterfactual and graphical approaches to causality
Thomas S Richardson and James M Robins · 2013
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Diethylstilboestrol for the treatment of prostate cancer: past, present and future
Rafal Turo, Michal Smolski, Rachel Esler, Magda L Kujawa, Stephen J Bromage, Neil Oakley, Adebanji Adeyoju, Stephen CW Brown, Richard Brough, Andrew Sinclair, et al · 2014
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Statins, cognition, and dementia—systematic review and methodological commentary
Melinda C Power, Jennifer Weuve, A Richey Sharrett, Deborah Blacker, and Rebecca F Gottesman · 2015
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Does water kill? a call for less casual causal inferences
Miguel A Hernán · 2016
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Exploring selection bias by causal frailty models: The magnitude matters
Mats Julius Stensrud, Morten Valberg, Kjetil Røysland, and Odd O Aalen · 2017
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Per Kragh Andersen, Ronald B Geskus, Theo de Witte, and Hein Putter · 2012
Cited alongside, same era.
Counterfactual graphical models for longitudinal mediation analysis with unobserved confounding
Ilya Shpitser · 2013
Cited alongside, same era.
Defining causal mediation with a longitudinal mediator and a survival outcome
Vanessa Didelez · 2018
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A causal framework for classical statistical estimands in failure-time settings with competing events
Jessica G. Young, Mats J. Stensrud, Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen, and Miguel A. Hernán · 2020
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