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Toxic comment classification has become an active research field with many recently proposed approaches.
Classifying racist texts using a support vector machine
Edel Greevy and Alan F. Smeaton. 2004 · 2004
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Detection of harassment on web 2 . 0
Dawei Yin and Brian D. Davison. 2009 · 2009
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Detecting offensive language in social media to protect adolescent online safety
Ying Chen, Yilu Zhou, Sencun Zhu, and Heng Xu. 2012 · 2012
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Common sense reasoning for detection, prevention, and mitigation of cyberbullying
Karthik Dinakar, Birago Jones, Catherine Havasi, Henry Lieberman, and Rosalind W. Picard. 2012 · 2012
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Detecting hate speech on the world wide web
W. Lloyd Warner and Julia Hirschberg. 2012 · 2012
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Detecting offensive tweets via topical feature discovery over a large scale twitter corpus
Guang Xiang, Bin Fan, Ling Wang, Jason I. Hong, and Carolyn Penstein Rosé. 2012 · 2012
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Improving cyberbullying detection with user context
Maral Dadvar, Dolf Trieschnigg, Roeland Ordelman, and Franciska de Jong. 2013 · 2013
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Locate the hate: Detecting tweets against blacks
Irene Kwok and Yuzhou Wang. 2013 · 2013
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Convolutional neural networks for sentence classification
Yoon Kim. 2014 · 2014
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Glove: Global vectors for word representation
Jeffrey Pennington, Richard Socher, and Christopher D. Manning. 2014 · 2014
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Cyber hate speech on twitter : An application of machine classification and statistical modeling for policy and decision making
Pete Burnap and Matthew L. Williams. 2015 · 2015
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Detection and fine-grained classification of cyberbullying events
Cynthia Van Hee, Els Lefever, Ben Verhoeven, Julie Mennes, Bart Desmet, Guy De Pauw, Walter Daelemans, and Véronique Hoste. 2015 · 2015
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A lexicon-based approach for hate speech detection
Dennis Njagi, Z Zuping, Damien Hanyurwimfura, and Jun Long. 2015 · 2015
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Us and them: identifying cyber hate on twitter across multiple protected characteristics
Pete Burnap and Matthew L. Williams. 2016 · 2016
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Do characters abuse more than words?
Yashar Mehdad and Joel R. Tetreault. 2016 · 2016
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Abusive language detection in online user content
Chikashi Nobata, Joel R. Tetreault, Achint Oommen Thomas, Yashar Mehdad, and Yi Chang. 2016 · 2016
Cited alongside, same era.
Measuring the reliability of hate speech annotations: The case of the european refugee crisis
Björn Ross, Michael Rist, Guillermo Carbonell, Benjamin Cabrera, Nils Kurowsky, and Michael Wojatzki. 2016 · 2016
Cited alongside, same era.
Are you a racist or am i seeing things? annotator influence on hate speech detection on twitter
Zeerak Waseem. 2016 · 2016
Cited alongside, same era.
Hateful symbols or hateful people? predictive features for hate speech detection on twitter
Zeerak Waseem and Dirk Hovy. 2016 · 2016
Cited alongside, same era.
Hierarchical attention networks for document classification
Zichao Yang, Diyi Yang, Chris Dyer, Xiaodong He, Alex Smola, and Eduard Hovy. 2016 · 2016
Cited alongside, same era.
Deeper attention to abusive user content moderation
John Pavlopoulos, Prodromos Malakasiotis, and Ion Androutsopoulos. 2017 · 2017
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Learning deep on cyberbullying is always better than brute force
Michal Ptaszynski, Juuso Kalevi Kristian Eronen, and Fumito Masui. 2017 · 2017
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Detecting nastiness in social media
Niloofar Safi Samghabadi, Suraj Maharjan, Alan Sprague, Raquel Diaz-Sprague, and Thamar Solorio. 2017 · 2017
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A survey on hate speech detection using natural language processing
Anna Schmidt and Michael Wiegand. 2017 · 2017
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Hate me, hate me not: Hate speech detection on facebook
Fabio Del Vigna, Andrea Cimino, Felice Dell’Orletta, Marinella Petrocchi, and Maurizio Tesconi. 2017 · 2017
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Ex machina: Personal attacks seen at scale
Ellery Wulczyn, Nithum Thain, and Lucas Dixon. 2017 · 2017
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Content-driven detection of cyberbullying on the instagram social network
Haoti Zhong, Hao Li, Anna Cinzia Squicciarini, Sarah Michele Rajtmajer, Christopher Griffin, David J. Miller, and Cornelia Caragea. 2016 · 2016
Cited alongside, same era.
Deep learning for hate speech detection in tweets
Pinkesh Badjatiya, Shashank Gupta, Manish Gupta, and Vasudeva Varma. 2017 · 2017
Cited alongside, same era.
Enriching word vectors with subword information
Piotr Bojanowski, Edouard Grave, Armand Joulin, and Tomas Mikolov. 2017 · 2017
Cited alongside, same era.
Automated hate speech detection and the problem of offensive language
Thomas Davidson, Dana Warmsley, Michael W. Macy, and Ingmar Weber. 2017 · 2017
Cited alongside, same era.
Using convolutional neural networks to classify hate-speech
Björn Gambäck and Utpal Kumar Sikdar. 2017 · 2017
Cited alongside, same era.
Detecting online hate speech using context aware models
Lei Gao and Ruihong Huang. 2017 · 2017
Cited alongside, same era.
A large labeled corpus for online harassment research
Jennifer Golbeck, Zahra Ashktorab, Rashad O. Banjo, Alexandra Berlinger, Siddharth Bhagwan, Cody Buntain, Paul Cheakalos, Alicia A. Geller, Quint Gergory, Rajesh Kumar Gnanasekaran, Raja Rajan Gunasekaran, Kelly M. Hoffman, Jenny Hottle, Vichita Jienjitlert, Shivika Khare, Ryan Lau, Marianna J. Martindale, Shalmali Naik, Heather L. Nixon, Piyush Ramachandran, Kristine M. Rogers, Lisa Rogers, Meghna Sardana Sarin, Gaurav Shahane, Jayanee Thanki, Priyanka Vengataraman, Zijian Wan, and Derek Michael Wu. 2017 · 2017
Cited alongside, same era.
Later among the works it cites.
Convolutional neural networks for toxic comment classification
Spiros V. Georgakopoulos, Sotiris K. Tasoulis, Aristidis G. Vrahatis, and Vassilis P. Plagianakos. 2018 · 2018
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Leveraging intra-user and inter-user representation learning for automated hate speech detection
Jing Qian, Mai ElSherief, Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer, and William Yang Wang. 2018 · 2018
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Aggression identification using deep learning and data augmentation
Julian Risch and Ralf Krestel. 2018 · 2018
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Hate speech detection on twitter: Feature engineering v.s. feature selection
David Robinson, Ziqi Zhang, and Jonathan Tepper. 2018 · 2018
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Degree based classification of harmful speech using twitter data
Sanjana Sharma, Saksham Agrawal, and Manish Shrivastava. 2018 · 2018
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Bridging the gaps: Multi task learning for domain transfer of hate speech detection
Zeerak Waseem, James Thorne, and Joachim Bingel. 2018 · 2018
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Hate speech detection: A solved problem? the challenging case of long tail on twitter
Ziqi Zhang and Lei Luo. 2018 · 2018
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Detecting hate speech on twitter using a convolution-gru based deep neural network
Ziqi Zhang, David Robinson, and Jonathan A. Tepper. 2018 · 2018
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Improving hate speech detection with deep learning ensembles
Steven Zimmerman, Udo Kruschwitz, and Chris Fox. 2018 · 2018
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