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With the spread of social networks and their unfortunate use for hate speech, automatic detection of the latter has become a pressing problem.
A linguistics-based attack on personalised statistical e-mail classifiers
Stern, H., Mason, J., and Shepherd, M · 2004
Earlier work this paper cites.
Good word attacks on statistical spam filters
Lowd, D., and Meek, C · 2005
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Raeding wrods with jubmled lettres: there is a cost
Rayner, K., White, S., Johnson, R., and Liversedge, S · 2006
Earlier work this paper cites.
Combating good word attacks on statistical spam filters with multiple instance learning
Zhou, Y., Jorgensen, Z., and Inge, W. M · 2007
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R34D1NG W0RD5 W1TH NUMB3R5
Perea, M., nabeitia, J. A. D., and Carreiras, M · 2008
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Practical Attacks Against Authorship Recognition Techniques
Brennan, M., and Greenstadt, R · 2009
Earlier work this paper cites.
Adversarial stylometry: Circumventing authorship recognition to preserve privacy and anonymity
Brennan, M., Afroz, S., and Greenstadt, R · 2011
Earlier work this paper cites.
Quantitative Analysis of Culture Using Millions of Digitized Books
Michel, J.-B., Shen, Y. K., Aiden, A. P., Veres, A., Gray, M. K., Team, T. G. B., Pickett, J. P., Hoiberg, D., Clancy, D., Norvig, P., Orwant, J., Pinker, S., Nowak, M. A., and Aiden, E. L · 2011
Earlier work this paper cites.
Detecting offensive language in social media to protect adolescent online safety
Chen, Y., Zhou, Y., Zhu, S., and Xu, H · 2012
Earlier work this paper cites.
Common sense reasoning for detection, prevention, and mitigation of cyberbullying
Dinakar, K., Jones, B., Havasi, C., Lieberman, H., and Picard, R · 2012
Earlier work this paper cites.
Survey on malware evasion techniques: State of the art and challenges
Marpaung, J., Sain, M., and Lee, H.-J · 2012
Cited alongside, same era.
Detecting hate speech on the world wide web
Warner, W., and Hirschberg, J · 2012
Cited alongside, same era.
Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space
Mikolov, T., Chen, K., Corrado, G., and Dean, J · 2013
Cited alongside, same era.
Glove: Global vectors for word representation
Pennington, J., Socher, R., and Manning, C. D · 2014
Cited alongside, same era.
Cyber hate speech on twitter: An application of machine classification and statistical modeling for policy and decision making
Burnap, P., and Williams, M. L · 2015
Cited alongside, same era.
A lexicon-based approach for hate speech detection
Gitari, N. D., Zuping, Z., Damien, H., and Long, J · 2015
What is hate speech? Part1: The myth of hate
Brown, A · 2017
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Automated Hate Speech Detection and the Problem of Offensive Language
Davidson, T., Warmslay, D., Macy, M., and Weber, I · 2017
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Deceiving Google’s Perspective API Built for Detecting Toxic Comments
Hosseini, H., Kannan, S., Zhang, B., and Poovendran, R · 2017
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Pointer Sentinel Mixture Models
Merity, S., Xiong, C., Bradbury, J., and Socher, R · 2017
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A Survey on Hate Speech Detection using Natural Language Processing
Schmidt, A., and Wiegand, M · 2017
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Ex Machina: Personal Attacks Seen at Scale
Wulczyn, E., Thain, N., and Dixon, L · 2017
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Cited alongside, same era.
A primer on neural network models for natural language processing
Goldberg, Y · 2016
Cited alongside, same era.
Do characters abuse more than words?
Mehdad, Y., and Tetreault, J · 2016
Cited alongside, same era.
Hateful symbols or hateful people? predictive features for hate speech detection on twitter
Waseem, Z., and Hovy, D · 2016
Cited alongside, same era.
Deep Learning for Hate Speech Detection in Tweets
Badjatiya, P., Gupta, S., Gupta, M., and Varma, V · 2017
Cited alongside, same era.
Abusive language detection in online user content
Nobata, C., Tetreault, J., Thomas, A., Mehdad, Y., and Chang, Y
Cited in the paper.
Later among the works it cites.
Fine-tuned language models for text classification
Howard, J., and Ruder, S · 2018
Closest in time.
False information on web and social media: A survey
Kumar, S., and Shah, N · 2018
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Detecting Hate Speech on Twitter Using a Convolution-GRU Based Deep Neural Network
Zhang, Z., Robinson, D., and Tepper, J · 2018
Closest in time.