Non-classical correlations in quantum mechanics and beyond

Understand

Is entanglement an exclusive feature of quantum systems, or is it common to all non-classical theories? And if this is the case, how strong is quantum mechanical entanglement as compared to that exhibited by other theories? The first part of this thesis deals with these questions by considering quantum theory as part of a wider landscape of physical theories, collectively called general probabilistic theories (GPTs).

• Among the other things, this manuscript contains a detailed introduction to the abstract state space formalism for GPTs.
• We start with a comprehensive review of the proof of a famous theorem by Ludwig that constitutes one of its cornerstones (Ch.
• 1).