Gravitational lensing by wormholes supported by electromagnetic, scalar, and quantum effects

Understand

Wormholes are one of the most interesting topological features in spacetime, offering a rat run between two vastly separated regions of the universe.

• In this paper, we study the deflection angle of light by wormholes, which are supported by electric charge, magnetic charge, and scalar fields in the weak field limit approximation.
• To this end, we apply new geometric methods -- the Gauss-Bonnet theorem and the optical geometry -- to compute the deflection angles.
• We also verify our findings by using the well-known geodesics method.