Built on

P. A. M. Dirac, Gauge invariant formulation of quantum electrodynamics , Can. J. Phys. 33
1955
Earlier work this paper cites.
M. Luscher and P. Weisz, On-Shell Improved Lattice Gauge Theories , Commun. Math. Phys. 97
1985
Earlier work this paper cites.
A. S. Kronfeld and U. J. Wiese, SU(N) gauge theories with C periodic boundary conditions. 1. Topological structure , Nucl. Phys. B357
1991
Earlier work this paper cites.
U. J. Wiese, C periodic and G periodic QCD at finite temperature , Nucl. Phys. B375
1992
Earlier work this paper cites.
A. S. Kronfeld and U. J. Wiese, SU(N) gauge theories with C periodic boundary conditions. 2. Small volume dynamics , Nucl. Phys. B401
1993
Earlier work this paper cites.
L. Polley, Boundaries for SU(3)(C) x U(1)-el lattice gauge theory with a chemical potential , Z. Phys. C59
1993
Earlier work this paper cites.
N. Tantalo, Isospin Breaking Effects on the Lattice , PoS LATTICE2013
Original
2014
Earlier work this paper cites.

Similar

S. Borsanyi et al., Ab initio calculation of the neutron-proton mass difference , Science 347
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A. Portelli, Inclusion of isospin breaking effects in lattice simulations , PoS LATTICE2014
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M. Bruno et al., Simulation of QCD with N f = {}_{f}= 2 + + 1 flavors of non-perturbatively improved Wilson fermions , JHEP 02
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Z. Fodor, C. Hoelbling, S. Krieg, L. Lellouch, T. Lippert, A. Portelli et al., Up and down quark masses and corrections to Dashen’s theorem from lattice QCD and quenched QED , Phys. Rev. Lett. 117
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2016
Cited alongside, same era.
M. G. Endres, A. Shindler, B. C. Tiburzi and A. Walker-Loud, Massive photons: an infrared regularization scheme for lattice QCD+QED , Phys. Rev. Lett. 117

Then

D. Giusti, V. Lubicz, C. Tarantino, G. Martinelli, S. Sanfilippo, S. Simula et al., Leading isospin-breaking corrections to pion, kaon and charmed-meson masses with Twisted-Mass fermions , Phys. Rev. D95
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2017
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A. Patella, QED Corrections to Hadronic Observables , PoS LATTICE2016
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2017
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R. M. Woloshyn, Abelian Higgs model with charge conjugate boundary conditions , Phys. Rev. D95
Original
2017
Later among the works it cites.
M. Hansen, B. Lucini, A. Patella and N. Tantalo, Simulations of QCD and QED with C* boundary conditions , in 35th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2017) Granada, Spain, June 18-24, 2017 , 2017, 1710.08838 , https://inspirehep.net/record/1632183/files/arXiv:1710.08838.pdf
Original
2017
Later among the works it cites.

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2018

Gauge invariant determination of charged hadron masses

Hansen, Martin, Lucini, Biagio, Patella, Agostino et al.

Understand

In this paper we show, for the first time, that charged-hadron masses can be calculated on the lattice without relying on gauge fixing at any stage of the calculations.

In our simulations we follow a recent proposal and formulate full QCD+QED on a finite volume, without spoiling locality, by imposing C-periodic boundary conditions in the spatial directions.
Electrically charged states are interpolated with a class of operators, originally suggested by Dirac and built as functionals of the photon field, that are invariant under local gauge transformations.
We show that the quality of the numerical signal of charged-hadron masses is the same as in the neutral sector and that charged-neutral mass splittings can be calculated with satisfactory accuracy in this setup.

Built on

P. A. M. Dirac, Gauge invariant formulation of quantum electrodynamics , Can. J. Phys. 33
1955
Earlier work this paper cites.
M. Luscher and P. Weisz, On-Shell Improved Lattice Gauge Theories , Commun. Math. Phys. 97
1985
Earlier work this paper cites.
A. S. Kronfeld and U. J. Wiese, SU(N) gauge theories with C periodic boundary conditions. 1. Topological structure , Nucl. Phys. B357
1991
Earlier work this paper cites.
U. J. Wiese, C periodic and G periodic QCD at finite temperature , Nucl. Phys. B375
1992
Earlier work this paper cites.
A. S. Kronfeld and U. J. Wiese, SU(N) gauge theories with C periodic boundary conditions. 2. Small volume dynamics , Nucl. Phys. B401
1993
Earlier work this paper cites.
L. Polley, Boundaries for SU(3)(C) x U(1)-el lattice gauge theory with a chemical potential , Z. Phys. C59
1993
Earlier work this paper cites.
N. Tantalo, Isospin Breaking Effects on the Lattice , PoS LATTICE2013
Original
2014
Earlier work this paper cites.