Antiferromagnetic spin correlation of SU($\mathcal{N}$) Fermi gas in an optical super-lattice

Understand

Large-spin cold atomic systems can exhibit unique phenomena that do not appear in spin-1/2 systems.

• We report the observation of nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic spin correlations of a Fermi gas with SU($\mathcal{N}$) symmetry trapped in an optical lattice.
• The precise control of the spin degrees of freedom provided by an optical pumping technique enables us a straightforward comparison between the cases of SU(2) and SU(4).
• Our important finding is that the antiferromagnetic correlation is enhanced for the SU(4)-spin system compared with SU(2) as a consequence of a Pomeranchuk cooling effect.