Quantum simulation of the quantum Rabi model in a trapped ion

Understand

The quantum Rabi model, involving a two-level system and a bosonic field mode, is arguably the simplest and most fundamental model describing quantum light-matter interactions.

• Historically, due to the restricted parameter regimes of natural light-matter processes, the richness of this model has been elusive in the lab.
• Here, we experimentally realize a quantum simulation of the quantum Rabi model in a single trapped ion, where the coupling strength between the simulated light mode and atom can be tuned at will.
• The versatility of the demonstrated quantum simulator enables us to experimentally explore the quantum Rabi model in detail, including a wide range of otherwise unaccessible phenomena, as those happening in the ultrastrong and deep strong coupling regimes.