Beyond standard models in cosmology (In French)

Understand

The current description of fundamental interactions is based on two theories with the status of standard models.

• The electromagnetic and nuclear interactions are described at a quantum level by the Standard Model of particle physics, using tools like gauge theories and spontaneous symmetry breaking by the Higgs mechanism.
• The gravitational interaction is described on the other hand by general relativity, based on a dynamical description of space-time at a classical level.
• Although these models are verified to high precision in the solar system experiments, they suffer from several theoretical weaknesses and a lack of predictive power at the Planck scale as well as at cosmological scales; they are thus not viewed anymore as fundamental theories.