Quantum Randomness Generation by Probability Estimation with Classical Side Information

Understand

We develop a framework for certifying randomness from Bell-test trials based on directly estimating the probability of the measurement outcomes with adaptive test supermartingales.

• The number of trials need not be predetermined, and one can stop performing trials early, as soon as the desired amount of randomness is extractable.
• It can be used with arbitrary, partially known and time-dependent probabilities for the random settings choices.
• Furthermore, it is suitable for application to experimental configurations with low Bell violation per trial, such as current optical loophole-free Bell tests.