Replacing dark energy by silent virialisation

Understand

Standard cosmological $N$-body simulations have background scale factor evolution that is decoupled from non-linear structure formation.

• Prior to gravitational collapse, kinematical backreaction ($Q_D$) justifies this approach in a Newtonian context.
• However, the final stages of a gravitational collapse event are sudden; a globally imposed expansion rate thus forces at least one expanding region to suddenly decelerate.
• This is relativistically unrealistic.