Practical quantum random number generator based on sampling vacuum fluctuations

Understand

Random number generation is an enabling technology for fields as varied as Monte Carlo simulations and quantum information science.

• An important application is a secure quantum key distribution (QKD) system; here, we propose and demonstrate an approach to random number generation that satisfies the specific requirements for QKD.
• In our scheme, vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic-field inside a laser cavity are sampled in a discrete manner in time and amplified by injecting current pulses into the laser.
• Random numbers can be obtained by interfering the laser pulses with another independent laser operating at the same frequency.