SO(N) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions: glueball spectra and confinement

Understand

We calculate the spectrum of light glueballs and the string tension in a number of SO(N) lattice gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions, with N in the range from N=3 to N=16.

• After extrapolating to the continuum limit and then to N=oo we compare to the spectrum and string tension of the SU(N=oo) gauge theory and find that the most reliably and precisely calculated physical quantities are consistent in that limit.
• We also compare the glueball spectra of those pairs of SO(N) and SU(N') theories that possess the same Lie algebra, i.e.
• SO(3) and SU(2), SO(4) and SU(2)xSU(2), SO(6) and SU(4), and find that for the very lightest glueballs the spectra are consistent within each such pair, as are the string tensions and the couplings.