Does a band structure affect sphaleron processes?

Understand

Inspired by a recent work of Tye and Wong, we examine an effect of a band structure on baryon number preservation criteria requisite for successful electroweak baryogenesis.

• Action of a reduced model is fully constructed including a time component of the gauge field that is missing in the original work.
• The band structure is estimated more precisely in wider energy range based on WKB framework with three connection formulas to find that the band structure has little effect on the criteria at around 100 GeV temperature.
• We also address an issue of suppression factors peculiar to the $(B+L)$-changing process in high-energy collisions at zero temperature.