Method to detect gravitational waves from an ensemble of known pulsars

Understand

Combining information from weak sources, such as known pulsars, for gravitational wave detection, is an attractive approach to improve detection efficiency.

• We propose an optimal statistic for a general ensemble of signals and apply it to an ensemble of known pulsars.
• Our method combines $\mathcal F$-statistic values from individual pulsars using weights proportional to each pulsar's expected optimal signal-to-noise ratio to improve the detection efficiency.
• We also point out that to detect at least one pulsar within an ensemble, different thresholds should be designed for each source based on the expected signal strength.