Stability of the Einstein static Universe in $f(R,T)$ gravity

Understand

The Einstein static (ES) universe has played a major role in various emergent scenarios recently proposed in order to cure the problem of initial singularity of the standard model of cosmology.

• In the herein model, we study the existence and stability of ES universe in the context of $f(R,T)$ modified theories of gravity.
• Considering specific forms of $f(R,T)$ function, we seek for the existence of solutions representing ES state.
• Using dynamical system techniques along with numerical analysis, we find two classes of solutions: the first one is always unstable of the saddle type while the second is always stable so that its dynamical behavior corresponds to a center equilibrium point.