Fate of the Tetraquark Candidate Zc(3900) from Lattice QCD

Understand

The possible exotic meson $Z_{c}(3900)$, found in $e^+ e^-$ reactions, is studied by the method of coupled-channel scattering in lattice QCD.

• The interaction among $\pi J/\psi$, $\rho \eta_{c}$ and $\bar{D}D^{*}$ channels is derived from (2+1)-flavor QCD simulations at $m_{\pi}=410$-$700$ MeV.
• The interaction is dominated by the off-diagonal $\pi J/\psi$-$\bar{D}D^{*}$ and $\rho \eta_{c}$-$\bar{D}D^{*}$ couplings, which indicates that the $Z_{c}(3900)$ is not a usual resonance but a threshold cusp.
• Semi-phenomenological analyses with the coupled-channel interaction are presented to confirm this conclusion.