Measurements of the atmospheric neutrino flux by Super-Kamiokande: energy spectra, geomagnetic effects, and solar modulation

Understand

A comprehensive study on the atmospheric neutrino flux in the energy region from sub-GeV up to several TeV using the Super-Kamiokande water Cherenkov detector is presented in this paper.

• The energy and azimuthal spectra of the atmospheric ${\nu}_e+{\bar{\nu}}_e$ and ${\nu}_{\mu}+{\bar{\nu}}_{\mu}$ fluxes are measured.
• The energy spectra are obtained using an iterative unfolding method by combining various event topologies with differing energy responses.
• The azimuthal spectra depending on energy and zenith angle, and their modulation by geomagnetic effects, are also studied.