Lorentz and CPT tests with hydrogen, antihydrogen, and related systems

Understand

The potential of precision spectroscopy as a tool in systematic searches for effects of Lorentz and CPT violation is investigated.

• Systems considered include hydrogen, antihydrogen, deuterium, positronium, and hydrogen molecules and molecular ions.
• Perturbative shifts in energy levels and key transition frequencies are derived, allowing for Lorentz-violating operators of arbitrary mass dimensions.
• Observable effects are deduced from various direct measurements, sidereal and annual variations, comparisons among species, and gravitational responses.