Outward migration of Jupiter and Saturn in 3:2 or 2:1 resonance in radiative disks: implications for the Grand Tack and Nice models

Understand

Embedded in the gaseous protoplanetary disk, Jupiter and Saturn naturally become trapped in 3:2 resonance and migrate outward.

• This serves as the basis of the Grand Tack model.
• However, previous hydrodynamical simulations were restricted to isothermal disks, with moderate aspect ratio and viscosity.
• Here we simulate the orbital evolution of the gas giants in disks with viscous heating and radiative cooling.