Englert-Brout-Higgs Mechanism in Nonrelativistic Systems

Understand

We study the general theory of Englert-Brout-Higgs mechanism without assuming Lorentz invariance.

• In the presence of a finite expectation value of non-Abelian matter charges, gauging those symmetries always results in spontaneous breaking of spatial rotation.
• If we impose the charge neutrality by assuming a background with the opposite charges, the dynamics of the background cannot be decoupled and has to be fully taken into account.
• In either case, the spectrum is continuous as the gauge coupling is switched off.