Dust formation, evolution, and obscuration effects in the very high-redshift universe

Understand

The evolution of dust at redshifts z>9, and consequently the dust properties, differs greatly from that in the local universe.

• In contrast to the local universe, core collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are the only source of thermally-condensed dust.
• Because of the low initial dust-to-gas mass ratio, grain destruction rates are low, so that CCSNe are net producers of interstellar dust.
• Galaxies with large initial gas mass or high mass infall rate will therefore have a more rapid net rate of dust production comported to galaxies with lower gas mass, even at the same star formation rate.