Solving the sign problem of two flavor scalar electrodynamics at finite chemical potential

Understand

We explore two flavor scalar electrodynamics on the lattice, which has a complex phase problem at finite chemical potential.

• By rewriting the action in terms of dual variables this complex phase problem can be solved exactly.
• The dual variables are link- and plaquette occupation numbers, subject to local constraints that have to be respected by the Monte Carlo algorithm.
• For the simulation we use a local update as well as the newly developed "surface worm algorithm", which is a generalization of the Prokof'ev Svistunov worm algorithm concept for simulating the dual representation of abelian Gauge-Higgs models on a lattice.