Decay rates of Gaussian-type I-balls and Bose-enhancement effects in 3+1 dimensions

Understand

I-balls/oscillons are long-lived spatially localized lumps of a scalar field which may be formed after inflation.

• In the scalar field theory with monomial potential nearly and shallower than quadratic, which is motivated by chaotic inflationary models and supersymmetric theories, the scalar field configuration of I-balls is approximately Gaussian.
• If the I-ball interacts with another scalar field, the I-ball eventually decays into radiation.
• Recently, it was pointed out that the decay rate of I-balls increases exponentially by the effects of Bose enhancement under some conditions and a non-perturbative method to compute the exponential growth rate has been derived.