Symmetry-protected many-body Aharonov-Bohm effect

Understand

It is known as a purely quantum effect that a magnetic flux affects the real physics of a particle, such as the energy spectrum, even if the flux does not interfere with the particle's path - the Aharonov-Bohm effect.

• Here we examine an Aharonov-Bohm effect on a many-body wavefunction.
• Specifically, we study this many-body effect on the gapless edge states of a bulk gapped phase protected by a global symmetry (such as $\mathbb{Z}_{N}$) - the symmetry-protected topological (SPT) states.
• The many-body analogue of spectral shifts, the twisted wavefunction and the twisted boundary realization are identified in this SPT state.