Exponentially spread dynamical Yukawa couplings from non-perturbative chiral symmetry breaking in the dark sector

Understand

We propose a new paradigm for generating exponentially spread standard model Yukawa couplings from a new $U(1)_F$ gauge symmetry in the dark sector.

• Chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken among dark fermions that obtain non-vanishing masses from a non-perturbative solution to the mass gap equation.
• The necessary ingredient for this mechanism to work is the existence of higher derivative terms in the dark $U(1)_F$ theory, or equivalently the existence of Lee-Wick ghosts, that (i) allow for a non-perturbative solution to the mass gap equation in the weak coupling regime of the Abelian theory; (ii) induce exponential dependence of the generated masses on dark fermion $U(1)_F$ quantum numbers.
• The generated flavor and chiral symmetry breaking in the dark sector is transferred to the standard model Yukawa couplings at one loop level via Higgs portal type scalar messenger fields.