Symmetry energy from the nuclear collective motion: constraints from dipole, quadrupole, monopole and spin-dipole resonances

Understand

The experimental and theoretical studies of Giant Resonances, or more generally of the nuclear collective vibrations, are a well established domain in which sophisticated techniques have been introduced and firm conclusions reached after an effort of several decades.

• From it, information on the nuclear equation of state can be extracted, albeit not far from usual nuclear densities.
• In this contribution, which complements other contributions appearing in the current volume, we survey some of the constraints that have been extracted recently concerning the parameters of the nuclear symmetry energy.
• Isovector modes, in which neutrons and protons are in opposite phase, are a natural source of information and we illustrate the values of symmetry energy around saturation deduced from isovector dipole and isovector quadrupole states.