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Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are designed to detect the predicted gravitational wave (GW) background produced by a cosmological population of supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries.
Gravitational Radiation from Point Masses in a Keplerian Orbit
P. C. Peters and J. Mathews · 1963
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Black holes in binary systems. Observational appearance
N. I. Shakura and R. A. Sunyaev · 1973
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Ultra–Low-Frequency Gravitational Radiation from Massive Black Hole Binaries
M. Rajagopal and R. W. Romani · 1995
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Gasdynamics and Starbursts in Major Mergers
J. C. Mihos and L. Hernquist · 1996
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The dynamical evolution of massive black hole binaries I. Hardening in a fixed stellar background
G. D. Quinlan · 1996
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The Demography of Massive Dark Objects in Galaxy Centers
J. Magorrian, S. Tremaine, D. Richstone, R. Bender, G. Bower, A. Dressler, S. M. Faber, K. Gebhardt, R. Green, C. Grillmair, J. Kormendy, and T. Lauer · 1998
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The evolution of a supermassive binary caused by an accretion disc
P. B. Ivanov, J. C. B. Papaloizou, and A. G. Polnarev · 1999
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A Fundamental Relation between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
L. Ferrarese and D. Merritt · 2000
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A Practical Theorem on Gravitational Wave Backgrounds
E. S. Phinney · 2001
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Gravitational Waves Probe the Coalescence Rate of Massive Black Hole Binaries
A. H. Jaffe and D. C. Backer · 2003
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Low-Frequency Gravitational Waves from Massive Black Hole Binaries: Predictions for LISA and Pulsar Timing Arrays
J. S. B. Wyithe and A. Loeb · 2003
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On the Black Hole Mass-Bulge Mass Relation
N. Häring and H.-W. Rix · 2004
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Low-Frequency Gravitational Radiation from Coalescing Massive Black Hole Binaries in Hierarchical Cosmologies
A. Sesana, F. Haardt, P. Madau, and M. Volonteri · 2004
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Simulations of the formation, evolution and clustering of galaxies and quasars
V. Springel et al · 2005
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The Role of Gas in the Merging of Massive Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei. II. Black Hole Merging in a Nuclear Gas Disk
A. Escala, R. B. Larson, P. S. Coppi, and D. Mardones · 2005
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Eccentricity of Supermassive Black Hole Binaries Coalescing from Gas-rich Mergers
P. J. Armitage and P. Natarajan · 2005
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Laser Interferometer Space Antenna double black holes: dynamics in gaseous nuclear discs
M. Dotti, M. Colpi, and F. Haardt · 2006
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Interaction of Massive Black Hole Binaries with Their Stellar Environment. I. Ejection of Hypervelocity Stars
A. Sesana, F. Haardt, and P. Madau · 2006
Cited alongside, same era.
The Effect of Orbital Eccentricity on Gravitational Wave Background Radiation from Supermassive Black Hole Binaries
M. Enoki and M. Nagashima · 2007
Cited alongside, same era.
Long-Term Evolution of Massive Black Hole Binaries. III. Binary Evolution in Collisional Nuclei
D. Merritt, S. Mikkola, and A. Szell · 2007
Cited alongside, same era.
Orbital Evolution of an IMBH in the Galactic Nucleus with a Massive Central Black Hole
T. Matsubayashi, J. Makino, and T. Ebisuzaki · 2007
Cited alongside, same era.
The stochastic gravitational-wave background from massive black hole binary systems: implications for observations with Pulsar Timing Arrays
A. Sesana, A. Vecchio, and C. N. Colacino · 2008
Cited alongside, same era.
The Spitzer/IRAC view of black hole-bulge scaling relations
E. Sani, A. Marconi, L. K. Hunt, and G. Risaliti · 2011
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Efficient Merger of Binary Supermassive Black Holes in Merging Galaxies
F. M. Khan, A. Just, and D. Merritt · 2011
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Fast Coalescence of Massive Black Hole Binaries from Mergers of Galactic Nuclei: Implications for Low-frequency Gravitational-wave Astrophysics
M. Preto, I. Berentzen, P. Berczik, and R. Spurzem · 2011
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Placing limits on the stochastic gravitational-wave background using European Pulsar Timing Array data
R. van Haasteren et al · 2011
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Growing Massive Black Hole Pairs in Minor Mergers of Disk Galaxies
S. Callegari, S. Kazantzidis, L. Mayer, M. Colpi, J. M. Bellovary, T. Quinn, and J. Wadsley · 2011
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The North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves
F. A. Jenet et al · 2009
Cited alongside, same era.
Gravitational waves from resolvable massive black hole binary systems and observations with Pulsar Timing Arrays
A. Sesana, A. Vecchio, and M. Volonteri · 2009
Cited alongside, same era.
The M- σ \sigma and M-L Relations in Galactic Bulges, and Determinations of Their Intrinsic Scatter
K. Gültekin et al · 2009
Cited alongside, same era.
The Population of Viscosity- and Gravitational Wave-driven Supermassive Black Hole Binaries Among Luminous Active Galactic Nuclei
Z. Haiman, B. Kocsis, and K. Menou · 2009
Cited alongside, same era.
Massive black hole binary mergers within subparsec scale gas discs
J. Cuadra, P. J. Armitage, R. D. Alexander, and M. C. Begelman · 2009
Cited alongside, same era.
The European Pulsar Timing Array: current efforts and a LEAP toward the future
R. D. Ferdman et al · 2010
Cited alongside, same era.
The International Pulsar Timing Array project: using pulsars as a gravitational wave detector
G. Hobbs et al · 2010
Cited alongside, same era.
Limiting eccentricity of subparsec massive black hole binaries surrounded by self-gravitating gas discs
C. Roedig, M. Dotti, A. Sesana, J. Cuadra, and M. Colpi · 2011
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Gas-driven massive black hole binaries: signatures in the nHz gravitational wave background
B. Kocsis and A. Sesana · 2011
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The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array Project
R. N. Manchester et al · 2012
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Massive Black Hole Binaries: Dynamical Evolution and Observational Signatures
M. Dotti, A. Sesana, and R. Decarli · 2012
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Does a ”Stochastic” Background of Gravitational Waves Exist in the Pulsar Timing Band?
V. Ravi, J. S. B. Wyithe, G. Hobbs, R. M. Shannon, R. N. Manchester, D. R. B. Yardley, and M. J. Keith · 2012
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Gravitational waves and stalled satellites from massive galaxy mergers at z ≤ \leq 1
S. T. McWilliams, J. P. Ostriker, and F. Pretorius · 2012
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On the hunt for ultramassive black holes in brightest cluster galaxies
J. Hlavacek-Larrondo, A. C. Fabian, A. C. Edge, and M. T. Hogan · 2012
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Systematic investigation of the expected gravitational wave signal from supermassive black hole binaries in the pulsar timing band
A. Sesana · 2013
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Revisiting the Scaling Relations of Black Hole Masses and Host Galaxy Properties
N. J. McConnell and C.-P. Ma · 2013
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The M BH
A. W. Graham and N. Scott · 2013
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Limits on the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background from the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves
P. B. Demorest, R. D. Ferdman, M. E. Gonzalez, D. Nice, S. Ransom, I. H. Stairs, Z. Arzoumanian, A. Brazier, S. Burke-Spolaor, S. J. Chamberlin, J. M. Cordes, J. Ellis, L. S. Finn, P. Freire, S. Giampanis, F. Jenet, V. M. Kaspi, J. Lazio, A. N. Lommen, M. McLaughlin, N. Palliyaguru, D. Perrodin, R. M. Shannon, X. Siemens, D. Stinebring, J. Swiggum, and W. W. Zhu · 2013
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